Energy deposition and K-shell ionization of supernovae

K-shell ionization by antiprotons.

We present calculations for the impact-parameter dependence of K-shell ionization rates in p-Cu and in p-Ag collisions at various projectile energies. We show that the effect of the attractive Coulomb potential on the Rutherford trajectory and the antibinding effect caused by the negative charge of the antiproton result in a considerable increase of the ionization probability. Total ionization ...

K-shell, L-shell and M-shell Ionization Cross Sections of Uranium Atom by Electron Impacts

The theoretical model, developed by Khare model, has been modified to calculate the total cross sections for K-shell, L-shell and M-shell ionization of uranium (Z=92) atom due to electron impact at incident electron energy from ionization threshold to 1 GeV. The various calculated cross sections are in remarkable agreement with available experimental data and other theoretical cross sections. P...

K-shell ionization of atoms by electron and positron impact.

Ionization of K-shell electrons by electron or positron impact

The single ionization of inner-shell electrons by electron or positron impact are the fundamental processes, which still attract considerable interest in collision theory, experimental studies, and various applications. To predict the ionization cross sections, one usually employs either sophisticated numerical approaches or empirical and semiempirical formulas. Significant efforts have been al...

the role of russia in transmission of energy from central asia and caucuses to european union

پس ازفروپاشی شوروی،رشد منابع نفت و گاز، آسیای میانه و قفقاز را در یک بازی ژئوپلتیکی انرژی قرار داده است. با در نظر گرفتن این منابع هیدروکربنی، این منطقه به یک میدانجنگ و رقابت تجاری برای بازی های ژئوپلتیکی قدرت های بزرگ جهانی تبدیل شده است. روسیه منطقه را به عنوان حیات خلوت خود تلقی نموده و علاقمند به حفظ حضورش می باشد تا همانند گذشته گاز طبیعی را به وسیله خط لوله مرکزی دریافت و به عنوان یک واس...